Efficacy of SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Preventing Cisplatin-induced Kidney Injury in Patients With Diabetes

Background/Aim: Cisplatin is widely used in cancer treatment but has a high risk of inducing acute kidney injury (C-AKI). Given that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) have shown renoprotective effects in preclinical studies, we evaluated their efficacy against C-AKI in a clinical setting.

Patients and Methods: This study included patients with diabetes and cancer who received their first high-dose cisplatin cycle between January 2015 and April 2024. C-AKI was defined as an increase of ≥0.3 mg/dl or a 1.5-fold rise in serum creatinine from baseline to peak within 14 days.

Results: Among the 167 patients, 52 (31%) developed C-AKI. Multivariate analysis revealed that SGLT-2i use was not significantly associated with C-AKI incidence (odds ratio=1.27, 95% confidence interval=0.52-3.11, p=0.596).

Conclusion: SGLT-2i do not prevent C-AKI in patients with diabetes. Further research is required to explore alternative nephroprotective strategies.