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Research ArticleExperimental Studies
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Simultaneous Targeting of Multiple Hallmarks of Cancer With Recombinant Methioninase, Rapamycin and Chloroquine Is Specific and Synergistic to MiaPaCa-2 Pancreatic-Cancer Cells in Contrast to Hs-27 Normal Fibroblasts

JINSOO KIM, QINGHONG HAN, SHUKUAN LI, BYUNG MO KANG, KOHEI MIZUTA, YOHEI ASANO, YUTA MIYASHI, MICHAEL BOUVET and ROBERT M. HOFFMAN
Anticancer Research November 2025, 45 (11) 4765-4770; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17825
JINSOO KIM
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
2Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
3Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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QINGHONG HAN
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
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SHUKUAN LI
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
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BYUNG MO KANG
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
2Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
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KOHEI MIZUTA
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
2Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
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YOHEI ASANO
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
2Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
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YUTA MIYASHI
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
2Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
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MICHAEL BOUVET
2Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
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ROBERT M. HOFFMAN
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
2Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
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    Figure 1.

    Determination of half-maximal (IC50) and 30% inhibitory (IC30) concentrations of recombinant methioninase (rMETase) (A); rapamycin (RAPA) (B); and chloroquine (CQ) (C); against MiaPaCa-2 and Hs-27 cells in vitro. IC50 and IC30 values were calculated by nonlinear regression using a four-parameter logistic model. Data are shown as the mean±standard deviation. Please see Materials and Methods for details.

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    Figure 2.

    Cytotoxicity of recombinant methioninase (rMETase); rapamycin (RAPA); and chloroquine (CQ); tested alone and in combination at 30% inhibitory concentrations (IC30) on MiaPaCa-2 cells. (A) MiaPaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells; and (B) Hs-27 normal fibroblasts. *Significantly different at p<0.05; ns: Not significantly different. Please see Materials and Methods for details.

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Anticancer Research: 45 (11)
Anticancer Research
Vol. 45, Issue 11
November 2025
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Simultaneous Targeting of Multiple Hallmarks of Cancer With Recombinant Methioninase, Rapamycin and Chloroquine Is Specific and Synergistic to MiaPaCa-2 Pancreatic-Cancer Cells in Contrast to Hs-27 Normal Fibroblasts
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Simultaneous Targeting of Multiple Hallmarks of Cancer With Recombinant Methioninase, Rapamycin and Chloroquine Is Specific and Synergistic to MiaPaCa-2 Pancreatic-Cancer Cells in Contrast to Hs-27 Normal Fibroblasts
JINSOO KIM, QINGHONG HAN, SHUKUAN LI, BYUNG MO KANG, KOHEI MIZUTA, YOHEI ASANO, YUTA MIYASHI, MICHAEL BOUVET, ROBERT M. HOFFMAN
Anticancer Research Nov 2025, 45 (11) 4765-4770; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.17825

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Simultaneous Targeting of Multiple Hallmarks of Cancer With Recombinant Methioninase, Rapamycin and Chloroquine Is Specific and Synergistic to MiaPaCa-2 Pancreatic-Cancer Cells in Contrast to Hs-27 Normal Fibroblasts
JINSOO KIM, QINGHONG HAN, SHUKUAN LI, BYUNG MO KANG, KOHEI MIZUTA, YOHEI ASANO, YUTA MIYASHI, MICHAEL BOUVET, ROBERT M. HOFFMAN
Anticancer Research Nov 2025, 45 (11) 4765-4770; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.17825
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Keywords

  • pancreatic cancer
  • Methionine addiction
  • Hoffman effect
  • recombinant methioninase
  • rMETase
  • rapamycin
  • RAPA
  • chloroquine
  • CQ
  • combination therapy
  • synergy
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