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Research ArticleExperimental Studies
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Selective Synergy of Rapamycin Combined With Methioninase on Cancer Cells Compared to Normal Cells

DANIEL ARDJMAND, YUTARO KUBOTA, MOTOKAZU SATO, QINGHONG HAN, KOHEI MIZUTA, SEI MORINAGA and ROBERT M. HOFFMAN
Anticancer Research March 2024, 44 (3) 929-933; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.16887
DANIEL ARDJMAND
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
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YUTARO KUBOTA
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
2Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.
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MOTOKAZU SATO
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
2Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.
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QINGHONG HAN
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
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KOHEI MIZUTA
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
2Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.
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SEI MORINAGA
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
2Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.
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ROBERT M. HOFFMAN
1AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
2Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.
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    Figure 1.

    Rapamycin efficacy on HCT-116 cells and Hs-27 cells in vitro. Cell viability was measured with the WST-8 reagent. The concentration axis uses a log2 scale. IC50: Half-maximal inhibitory concentration.

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    Figure 2.

    Recombinant methioninase (rMETase) efficacy on HCT-116 cells and Hs-27 cells in vitro. Cell viability was measured with the WST-8 reagent. The concentration axis uses a log2 scale. IC50: Half-maximal inhibitory concentration.

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    Figure 3.

    Treatment of Hs-27 cells in vitro with recombinant methioninase (rMETase) and rapamycin at their half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (0.96 U/ml and 0.37 nM, respectively) alone and in combination. The combination treatment did not synergistically affect the viability of Hs-27 cells more than either drug alone. Cell viability was measured with the WST-8 reagent. ****p<0.0001.

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    Figure 4.

    Treatment of HCT-116 cells in vitro with recombinant methioninase (rMETase) and rapamycin at their half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (0.39 U/ml and 1.38 nM, respectively) alone and in combination. The combination treatment significantly reduced the viability of cancer cells. Cell viability was measured with the WST-8 reagent. ****p<0.0001, *p=0.0131.

  • Figure 5.
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    Figure 5.

    Model showing how rMETase indirectly inhibits mTOR activity by acute depletion of methionine (MET) and SAM in cancer cells resulting in SAMTOR binding to GATOR, thereby inihibiting mTOR.

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Anticancer Research: 44 (3)
Anticancer Research
Vol. 44, Issue 3
March 2024
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Selective Synergy of Rapamycin Combined With Methioninase on Cancer Cells Compared to Normal Cells
DANIEL ARDJMAND, YUTARO KUBOTA, MOTOKAZU SATO, QINGHONG HAN, KOHEI MIZUTA, SEI MORINAGA, ROBERT M. HOFFMAN
Anticancer Research Mar 2024, 44 (3) 929-933; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16887

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Selective Synergy of Rapamycin Combined With Methioninase on Cancer Cells Compared to Normal Cells
DANIEL ARDJMAND, YUTARO KUBOTA, MOTOKAZU SATO, QINGHONG HAN, KOHEI MIZUTA, SEI MORINAGA, ROBERT M. HOFFMAN
Anticancer Research Mar 2024, 44 (3) 929-933; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16887
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  • Lack of Cancer Specificity of Methionine Adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) Inhibitor AG-270 in Combination With Recombinant Methioninase In Vitro
  • Very Rapid Eradication of a Large Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Treated With First-line Combination Chemotherapy, a Low-methionine Diet, and Oral Recombinant Methioninase
  • Simultaneous Targeting of Multiple Hallmarks of Cancer With Recombinant Methioninase, Rapamycin and Chloroquine Is Specific and Synergistic to MiaPaCa-2 Pancreatic-Cancer Cells in Contrast to Hs-27 Normal Fibroblasts
  • The Triple Combination of Recombinant Methioninase, Rapamycin, and Chloroquine Synergistically Eradicates HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells
  • Human fibrosarcoma cells selected for very-high doxorubicin resistance, acquire trabectedin and eribulin cross-resistance, remain sensitive to recombinant methioninase, and have increased c-MYC expression
  • Combination of Recombinant Methioninase With Rapamycin or Chloroquine Is Synergistic to Highly Inhibit Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro
  • Highly Synergistic Eradication of 143B Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro by the Combination of Recombinant Methioninase, Chloroquine, and Rapamycin Targeting Methionine Addiction, Autophagy, and mTOR, Respectively
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  • Overcoming High Trabectedin Resistance of Soft-tissue Sarcoma With Recombinant Methioninase: A Potential Solution of a Recalcitrant Clinical Problem
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  • Recombinant Methioninase Is Selectively Synergistic With Doxorubicin Against Wild-type Fibrosarcoma Cells Compared to Normal Cells and Overcomes Highly-Doxorubicin-resistant Fibrosarcoma
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Keywords

  • methioninase
  • rMETase
  • rapamycin
  • mTOR
  • SAMTOR
  • SAM
  • combination
  • synergy
  • cancer cells
  • normal cells
  • IC50
  • HCT-116
  • Hs-27
  • Methionine addiction
  • Hoffman effect
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