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Research ArticleExperimental Studies
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Non-classical Monocytes Enhance the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on Colon Cancer in a Syngeneic Mouse Model

TSUBASA GOSHIMA, KATSUAKI IEGUCHI, NOBUYUKI ONISHI, TAKASHI SHIMIZU, DAISUKE TAKAYANAGI, MAKOTO WATANABE, YUKI FUJIMOTO, RYOTARO OHKUMA, RISAKO SUZUKI, TOSHIAKI TSURUI, EMIKO MURA, NANA IRIGUCHI, TOMOYUKI ISHIGURO, MASAHIRO SHIMOKAWA, YUYA HIRASAWA, YUTARO KUBOTA, HIROTSUGU ARIIZUMI, ATSUSHI HORIIKE, KIYOSHI YOSHIMURA, MAYUMI TSUJI, YUJI KIUCHI, SHINICHI KOBAYASHI, JUN FUJISHIRO, ROBERT M. HOFFMAN, TAKUYA TSUNODA and SATOSHI WADA
Anticancer Research January 2024, 44 (1) 23-29; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.16784
TSUBASA GOSHIMA
1Department of Clinical Diagnostic Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
3Department of Pediatric Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;
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KATSUAKI IEGUCHI
1Department of Clinical Diagnostic Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
4Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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NOBUYUKI ONISHI
1Department of Clinical Diagnostic Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
4Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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TAKASHI SHIMIZU
1Department of Clinical Diagnostic Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
4Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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DAISUKE TAKAYANAGI
1Department of Clinical Diagnostic Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
4Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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MAKOTO WATANABE
1Department of Clinical Diagnostic Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
4Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
5Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
6Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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YUKI FUJIMOTO
1Department of Clinical Diagnostic Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
4Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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RYOTARO OHKUMA
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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RISAKO SUZUKI
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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TOSHIAKI TSURUI
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
5Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
6Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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EMIKO MURA
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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NANA IRIGUCHI
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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TOMOYUKI ISHIGURO
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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MASAHIRO SHIMOKAWA
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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YUYA HIRASAWA
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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YUTARO KUBOTA
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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HIROTSUGU ARIIZUMI
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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ATSUSHI HORIIKE
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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KIYOSHI YOSHIMURA
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
4Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
7Department of Clinical ImmunoOncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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MAYUMI TSUJI
6Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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YUJI KIUCHI
5Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
6Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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SHINICHI KOBAYASHI
4Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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JUN FUJISHIRO
3Department of Pediatric Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;
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ROBERT M. HOFFMAN
8AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
9Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.
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TAKUYA TSUNODA
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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SATOSHI WADA
1Department of Clinical Diagnostic Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
4Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;
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  • For correspondence: st-wada{at}med.showa-u.ac.jp
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    Figure 1.

    Percentage of CD115-positive cells in the peripheral blood in mice with complete response (CR), partial response (PR), and progressive disease (PD) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment.

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    Figure 2.

    Percentage of non-classical monocytes in the peripheral blood in mice with complete response (CR), partial response (PR), and progressive disease (PD) after immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). *p=0.044 (CR vs. PD).

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    Figure 3.

    Percentage of classical monocytes among peripheral blood in mice with complete response (CR), partial response (PR), and progressive disease (PD) after immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment. *p=0.044 (CR vs. PD).

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    Figure 4.

    Flow cytometric analysis of monocytes after five days of culture of cells obtained from the bone marrow using the method described in the Materials and Methods. The ratio of Non-classical monocytes (NCMs) was higher than that isolated from peripheral blood. (A1-3) NCM sorting strategies. (B) CX3CR1 expression in each monocyte fraction. Darker areas in the graph indicate NCMs. The numbers indicate the percentage of CX3CR1 expression in NCMs relative to isotype. (C) CCR2 expression in monocyte fractions. Histograms showing CCR2 expression in mouse NCMs, CMs, and isotypes. Thick lines indicate NCMs.

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    Figure 5.

    Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), ICIs + classical monocytes (CMs) or ICIs + non-classical monocytes (NCMs) on the MC38 C57BL/6 mice model. Tumor volume after administration of non-classical monocytes was obtained by cell sorting. None of the tumors in the control group was eradicated, one tumor was eradicated in the group treated with ICIs alone. Four tumors were eradicated in the group treated with CMs and ICIs, and six tumors were eradicated in the group treated with NCMs and ICIs. *p<0.001 (ICI vs. NCM + ICI).

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    Figure 6.

    Survival analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. CMs: Classical monocytes; NCMs: non-classical monocytes; ICIs: immune checkpoint inhibitors.

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    Figure 7.

    Efficacy of non-classical monocytes (NCMs) alone. NCMs were isolated as described in the Materials and Methods. NCMs were administered by tail vein on day 5.

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    Figure 8.

    Combined effects of immune checkpoint inhibitor with classical monocytes (CMs) derived from peripheral blood. Tumor volume measured after administration of CM. CM was sorted from peripheral blood on the day of administration. No antitumor effects were observed in the CM group.

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Anticancer Research: 44 (1)
Anticancer Research
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January 2024
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Non-classical Monocytes Enhance the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on Colon Cancer in a Syngeneic Mouse Model
TSUBASA GOSHIMA, KATSUAKI IEGUCHI, NOBUYUKI ONISHI, TAKASHI SHIMIZU, DAISUKE TAKAYANAGI, MAKOTO WATANABE, YUKI FUJIMOTO, RYOTARO OHKUMA, RISAKO SUZUKI, TOSHIAKI TSURUI, EMIKO MURA, NANA IRIGUCHI, TOMOYUKI ISHIGURO, MASAHIRO SHIMOKAWA, YUYA HIRASAWA, YUTARO KUBOTA, HIROTSUGU ARIIZUMI, ATSUSHI HORIIKE, KIYOSHI YOSHIMURA, MAYUMI TSUJI, YUJI KIUCHI, SHINICHI KOBAYASHI, JUN FUJISHIRO, ROBERT M. HOFFMAN, TAKUYA TSUNODA, SATOSHI WADA
Anticancer Research Jan 2024, 44 (1) 23-29; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16784

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Non-classical Monocytes Enhance the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on Colon Cancer in a Syngeneic Mouse Model
TSUBASA GOSHIMA, KATSUAKI IEGUCHI, NOBUYUKI ONISHI, TAKASHI SHIMIZU, DAISUKE TAKAYANAGI, MAKOTO WATANABE, YUKI FUJIMOTO, RYOTARO OHKUMA, RISAKO SUZUKI, TOSHIAKI TSURUI, EMIKO MURA, NANA IRIGUCHI, TOMOYUKI ISHIGURO, MASAHIRO SHIMOKAWA, YUYA HIRASAWA, YUTARO KUBOTA, HIROTSUGU ARIIZUMI, ATSUSHI HORIIKE, KIYOSHI YOSHIMURA, MAYUMI TSUJI, YUJI KIUCHI, SHINICHI KOBAYASHI, JUN FUJISHIRO, ROBERT M. HOFFMAN, TAKUYA TSUNODA, SATOSHI WADA
Anticancer Research Jan 2024, 44 (1) 23-29; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16784
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Keywords

  • immune checkpoint inhibitor
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