Figure 6. Lipopolysaccharide increases the effect of adoptive T-cell immunotherapy, which significantly augments tumor inhibition by rapamycin and gemcitabine. Five different treatment groups were established using SCID mice. Group 1 (n=5) was the control group and received only PBS. Group 2 (n=4) received Peptide generated T-cells and IL-2. Group 3 (n=5) received Gemcitabine, Rapamycin, and IL-2. Group 4 (n=5) received Gemcitabine, Rapamycin, Peptide generated T-cells, and IL-2. Group 5 (n=5) received Gemcitabine, Rapamycin, Peptide generated T-cells, IL-2, and LPS. Groups 1 and 2 did not demonstrate significant differences in tumor growth. Group 3 showed decreased tumor growth relative to group 1, while Group 4 had a further decrease in tumor growth, compared with Group 3. Notably, the greatest decrease in tumor growth was demonstrated by the mice in Group 5. Pertinent results from ANCOVA for comparison of tumor volumes are shown in the box: *p=0.03, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 and #p=0.262.