Abstract
Background/Aim: This study aimed to clarify the impact of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on oncological outcomes in patients who received pembrolizumab for advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC). Patients and Methods: Forty advanced UC patients treated with pembrolizumab were retrospectively reviewed and divided into two groups (PPI: 15 patients; without PPI: 25 patients). Tumor response and survival were compared between these groups. The factors associated with survival were also investigated. Results: The objective response rate was significantly lower in the group with PPIs compared with the group without PPIs. Both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly shorter in the group with PPIs than in the group without PPIs. The use of PPIs was a significant predictor of poor PFS and OS in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The use of PPIs was negatively associated with tumor response and survival in patients with advanced UC treated with pembrolizumab.
- Proton pump inhibitors
- urothelial carcinoma
- gut microbiota
- pembrolizumab
- immune checkpoint inhibitors
- antibiotics
- Received December 23, 2021.
- Revision received January 12, 2022.
- Accepted January 13, 2022.
- Copyright © 2022 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.
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