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Research ArticleExperimental Studies

Therapeutic Response Evaluation in Advanced Melanoma Patients Incorporating Plasma cfDNA, LDH, VEGF, PD-L1, and IFN-γ Measurements

MICHAEL I. ITA, JIANG H. WANG, CYNTHIA C. HEFFRON, DEREK G. POWER, YVONNE NOLAN, ANDRÉ TOULOUSE, CHRIS C.H. LIM, NOEL FANNING and HENRY P. REDMOND
Anticancer Research February 2022, 42 (2) 801-810; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.15538
MICHAEL I. ITA
1Department of Academic Surgery, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland;
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  • For correspondence: 118227173@umail.ucc.ie
JIANG H. WANG
1Department of Academic Surgery, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland;
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CYNTHIA C. HEFFRON
2Department of Pathology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland;
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DEREK G. POWER
3Department of Medical Oncology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland;
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YVONNE NOLAN
4Department of Anatomy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland;
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ANDRÉ TOULOUSE
4Department of Anatomy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland;
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CHRIS C.H. LIM
1Department of Academic Surgery, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland;
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NOEL FANNING
5Department of Radiology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
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HENRY P. REDMOND
1Department of Academic Surgery, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland;
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Abstract

Background/Aim: Current treatment strategies for advanced melanoma require serial assessment of disease status in affected patients. In this study, we sought to examine the relationship between radiographic tumour burden and blood borne biomarkers including plasma cfDNA, serum LDH, plasma VEGF, PD-L1 and IFN-γ in advanced melanoma patients receiving immunotherapy. We hypothesized that a combination of these explanatory variables in a suitable regression analysis model may predict changes in tumour burden during patient treatment. Materials and Methods: We extracted and quantified circulating cfDNA, LDH, VEGF, PD-L1, and IFN-γ from thirty patients with stage IV melanoma at baseline and at six months. All participating patients were evaluated with paired blood sample collection and CT scan assessments during treatment. Results: Changes in radiographic tumour burden correlated with changes in levels of cfDNA (p≤0.001), LDH (p≤0.001), VEGF (p≤0.001), and PD-L1 (p<0.05) during treatment. Multiple regression analysis consisting of the follow-up to baseline assessment ratios of cfDNA, LDH, VEGF and PD-L1 explained changes in tumour burden (F (4, 23)=32.05, p<0.001); with an R2 of 0.8479 (Y=β0+β1*B+β2*C+β3*D+β4*E). Conclusion: A quantitative measure of cfDNA, LDH, VEGF and PD-L1 may complement current methods of assessing tumour burden in advanced melanoma patients.

Key Words:
  • cfDNA
  • LDH
  • VEGF
  • PD-L1
  • tumour-burden
  • Received September 29, 2021.
  • Revision received October 25, 2021.
  • Accepted December 6, 2021.
  • Copyright © 2022 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.
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Anticancer Research: 42 (2)
Anticancer Research
Vol. 42, Issue 2
February 2022
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Therapeutic Response Evaluation in Advanced Melanoma Patients Incorporating Plasma cfDNA, LDH, VEGF, PD-L1, and IFN-γ Measurements
MICHAEL I. ITA, JIANG H. WANG, CYNTHIA C. HEFFRON, DEREK G. POWER, YVONNE NOLAN, ANDRÉ TOULOUSE, CHRIS C.H. LIM, NOEL FANNING, HENRY P. REDMOND
Anticancer Research Feb 2022, 42 (2) 801-810; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15538

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Therapeutic Response Evaluation in Advanced Melanoma Patients Incorporating Plasma cfDNA, LDH, VEGF, PD-L1, and IFN-γ Measurements
MICHAEL I. ITA, JIANG H. WANG, CYNTHIA C. HEFFRON, DEREK G. POWER, YVONNE NOLAN, ANDRÉ TOULOUSE, CHRIS C.H. LIM, NOEL FANNING, HENRY P. REDMOND
Anticancer Research Feb 2022, 42 (2) 801-810; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15538
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