Abstract
Background: As the prognosis of biliary tract cancer (BTC) is extremely poor and treatment options are limited, new treatment modalities are urgently needed. We designed a phase II clinical trial to investigate the immune responses and clinical benefits of OCV-C01, an HLA-A*24:02–restricted three-peptide cancer vaccine targeting VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and KIF20A. Patients and Methods: Participants were patients with advanced BTC who had unresectable tumours and were refractory to standard chemotherapy. OCV-C01 was injected weekly until the discontinuance criteria were met. Results: Six participants, including four patients positive for HLA-A*24:02, were enrolled in this study for assessment of efficacy. Four out of six patients exhibited vaccine-specific T-cell responses to one or more of three antigens. Log–rank tests revealed that vaccine-specific T cell responses contributed significantly to overall survival. Conclusion: The cancer vaccine had positive effects on survival, indicating that this approach warrants further clinical studies.
- Received November 6, 2020.
- Revision received January 13, 2021.
- Accepted January 26, 2021.
- Copyright © 2021 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.
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