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Research ArticleClinical Studies

Lower Genital Tract Melanomas: Staging, Predictors of Outcome, and New Therapeutic Options

EVA KATHARINA EGGER, MATTHIAS B. STOPE, FLORIAN RECKER, DOMINIQUE KONSGEN, JENNIFER LANDSBERG, ANNE FROHLICH, ALINA ABRAMIAN and ALEXANDER MUSTEA
Anticancer Research February 2021, 41 (2) 999-1004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.14854
EVA KATHARINA EGGER
1Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany;
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  • For correspondence: eva-katharina.egger@ukbonn.de
MATTHIAS B. STOPE
1Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany;
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FLORIAN RECKER
1Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany;
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DOMINIQUE KONSGEN
1Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany;
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JENNIFER LANDSBERG
2Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany;
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ANNE FROHLICH
2Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany;
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ALINA ABRAMIAN
3Department of Senology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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ALEXANDER MUSTEA
1Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany;
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Abstract

Background/Aim: Identification of predictors of survival of patients with lower genital tract melanoma (LGTM) and evaluation of the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Patients and Methods: Data of twenty women with LGTM were retrospectively collected. Survival outcomes were evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Survival distributions were analyzed using the Log rank test. Results: Twenty patients with LGTM (6 vaginal/14 vulvar) were evaluated. Factors significantly affecting Five-year OS was the stage of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC 2017) (I+II: 55.6% vs. III+IV: 25.9%; p=0.030) and the T-Stage (I+II: 100% vs. III+IV: 7.5%; p=0.280). Factors negatively affecting Five-year PFS was T-Stage >II (p=0.005), AJCC stage >II (p<0.001), depth of tumor infiltration >3 mm (p=0.008), nodal involvement (p=0.013), distant disease (p=0.002), and resection margins <10 mm (p=0.024). Nine patients received immunotherapy [median duration of response (DOR)=4 months]. Three patients received immuno- and radiation therapy (median DOR of 5 months). Two patients received T-VEC, only one responded. Conclusion: Surgery has a therapeutic effect in early stage LGTM. Advanced stages may be treated with immunotherapy, radiation therapy, a combination of both, and oncolytic viral immunotherapy.

Key Words:
  • Lower genital tract melanoma
  • immunotherapy
  • Received December 13, 2020.
  • Revision received December 28, 2020.
  • Accepted December 29, 2020.
  • Copyright © 2021 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.
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Anticancer Research: 41 (2)
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February 2021
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Lower Genital Tract Melanomas: Staging, Predictors of Outcome, and New Therapeutic Options
EVA KATHARINA EGGER, MATTHIAS B. STOPE, FLORIAN RECKER, DOMINIQUE KONSGEN, JENNIFER LANDSBERG, ANNE FROHLICH, ALINA ABRAMIAN, ALEXANDER MUSTEA
Anticancer Research Feb 2021, 41 (2) 999-1004; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14854

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Lower Genital Tract Melanomas: Staging, Predictors of Outcome, and New Therapeutic Options
EVA KATHARINA EGGER, MATTHIAS B. STOPE, FLORIAN RECKER, DOMINIQUE KONSGEN, JENNIFER LANDSBERG, ANNE FROHLICH, ALINA ABRAMIAN, ALEXANDER MUSTEA
Anticancer Research Feb 2021, 41 (2) 999-1004; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14854
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Keywords

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