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Research ArticleClinical Studies

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor as a Therapeutic Choice for Double Cancer: A Case Series

HIROSHI AOKI, NAOKI MATSUMOTO, HIROSHI TAKAHASHI, MASAYUKI HONDA, TOMOHIRO KANEKO, SHUHEI ARIMA, TOMOTAKA ISHII, TAKU MIZUTANI, RYOTA MASUZAKI, KAZUSHIGE NIREI, HIROAKI YAMAGAMI, MASAHIRO OGAWA, TATSUO KANDA, MITSUHIKO MORIYAMA and KATSUHIRO MIURA
Anticancer Research December 2021, 41 (12) 6225-6230; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.15442
HIROSHI AOKI
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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NAOKI MATSUMOTO
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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  • For correspondence: matsumotosg@yahoo.co.jp
HIROSHI TAKAHASHI
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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MASAYUKI HONDA
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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TOMOHIRO KANEKO
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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SHUHEI ARIMA
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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TOMOTAKA ISHII
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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TAKU MIZUTANI
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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RYOTA MASUZAKI
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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KAZUSHIGE NIREI
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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HIROAKI YAMAGAMI
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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MASAHIRO OGAWA
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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TATSUO KANDA
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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MITSUHIKO MORIYAMA
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
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KATSUHIRO MIURA
2Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occasionally presents with simultaneous or metachronous primary malignancies of other organs. Despite the limited scope of cytocidal anticancer drugs or molecular targeted agents, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can still be used for various malignancies. Here, we present cases of double cancers including HCC treated with ICIs. Case Report: Case 1: A 70-year-old man with lung cancer and 80-mm HCC underwent nivolumab therapy. The sizes of both cancers remained constant for nine months. Case 2: A 58-year-old man with pharyngeal cancer and HCC. Nivolumab was administered, but was withdrawn after one session because of progressive disease. Case 3: A 71-year-old man with a 5 cm HCC invading the inferior vena cava, and early esophageal cancer. HCC showed a significant volume reduction and esophageal cancer demonstrated slight improvement by atezolizumab and bevacizumab therapy. Conclusion: A combination therapy including ICI is a promising treatment option for HCC with concurrent malignancies.

Key Words:
  • Immune checkpoint inhibitor
  • multiple primary malignancies
  • hepatocellular carcinoma
  • squamous cell carcinoma
  • nivolumab
  • atezolizumab
  • Received September 8, 2021.
  • Revision received October 19, 2021.
  • Accepted October 20, 2021.
  • Copyright © 2021 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.
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Anticancer Research: 41 (12)
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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor as a Therapeutic Choice for Double Cancer: A Case Series
HIROSHI AOKI, NAOKI MATSUMOTO, HIROSHI TAKAHASHI, MASAYUKI HONDA, TOMOHIRO KANEKO, SHUHEI ARIMA, TOMOTAKA ISHII, TAKU MIZUTANI, RYOTA MASUZAKI, KAZUSHIGE NIREI, HIROAKI YAMAGAMI, MASAHIRO OGAWA, TATSUO KANDA, MITSUHIKO MORIYAMA, KATSUHIRO MIURA
Anticancer Research Dec 2021, 41 (12) 6225-6230; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15442

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor as a Therapeutic Choice for Double Cancer: A Case Series
HIROSHI AOKI, NAOKI MATSUMOTO, HIROSHI TAKAHASHI, MASAYUKI HONDA, TOMOHIRO KANEKO, SHUHEI ARIMA, TOMOTAKA ISHII, TAKU MIZUTANI, RYOTA MASUZAKI, KAZUSHIGE NIREI, HIROAKI YAMAGAMI, MASAHIRO OGAWA, TATSUO KANDA, MITSUHIKO MORIYAMA, KATSUHIRO MIURA
Anticancer Research Dec 2021, 41 (12) 6225-6230; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15442
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Keywords

  • immune checkpoint inhibitor
  • multiple primary malignancies
  • hepatocellular carcinoma
  • squamous cell carcinoma
  • nivolumab
  • Atezolizumab
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