Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is a common side effect induced by cancer therapies, which increases the risk of long-term morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors. To date, the mechanism leading to this toxicity is still unclear, thus complicating cardiac safety assessment and predictive factor identification. The advances in technology, particularly regarding radiation therapy and constant development of novel antineoplastic agents, require urgent development of efficient preclinical models to detect drug cardiotoxicity. A myriad of empirical preclinical models have been used to investigate cardiotoxicity, though with limited success. Recently, multicellular spheroid models have gained attention by mimicking the in vivo microenvironment. The aim of this review is to focus on the most relevant preclinical models used to assess antineoplastic drug- and radiotherapy-related cardiotoxicities, with an overview on their current use. It also aims to discuss the possible directions of translational research in the cardio-oncology field.
- Cardiotoxicity
- antineoplastic drugs
- preclinical model
- in vivo model, in vitro model
- spheroid model
- review
- Received June 10, 2021.
- Revision received September 27, 2021.
- Accepted September 29, 2021.
- Copyright © 2021 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.