Abstract
Background/Aim: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) inhibit human colorectal cancer cell growth and tumorigenicity. We investigated the mechanism of the anti-proliferative effects of SCFAs on human colorectal cancer cells by examining their effects on gene expression. Materials and Methods: The DLD-1 cell line was cultured with different SCFAs. Gene groups whose expression levels decreased to <50% or increased >50% compared to untreated cells and the signalling pathways responsible for DLD-1 cell growth inhibition were identified and analyzed. Results: Genes whose expression levels decreased to ≤50% (791 genes) showed remarkable changes in gene function compared to genes whose expression levels increased ≥50%. These genes encode proteins involved in DNA replication and cell cycle/proliferation that contribute to major pathways responsible for suppression of colorectal carcinogenesis pathways. Conclusion: SCFAs inhibited the expression of genes encoding proteins involved in DNA replication and cell cycle/proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells and exerted antiproliferative activity via different pathways.
- Short-chain fatty acids
- antitumor effect
- colorectal carcinoma
- gene expression inhibition
- DNA replication genes
- cell cycle/proliferation genes
- IPA analysis
- Received June 5, 2019.
- Revision received August 1, 2019.
- Accepted August 2, 2019.
- Copyright© 2019, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved