Abstract
Background/Aim: The significance of second transurethral resection (TUR), and identification of predictive factors for residual cancer remain unrevealed. This study aimed to find residual cancer and up-staging rates, as well as predictive factors for residual cancer, in patients who undergo second TUR for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Patients and Methods: Patients who underwent second TURs for NMIBC between 2015 and 2017, were included in the study and their clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed for predictors of residual cancer. Results: Among 143 Japanese patients whose tumors were initially diagnosed as high-risk NMIBC, residual cancers detected at second TURs were, Tis: n=22 (15.4%), Ta: n=15 (10.5%) and T1: n=29 (20.3%). No patients showed up-staging from NMIBC to MIBC. The presence of carcinoma-in situ at initial TUR was an independent risk factor for any residual cancer (Tis, Ta and T1), non-flat residual cancer (Ta and T1), and flat residual cancer (Tis). Conclusion: The presence of carcinoma-in situ is suggested to be an independent predictor of residual cancer. This may help guide decisions to perform second TUR.
- Carcinoma-in situ
- non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
- second transurethral resection
- residual cancer
- up-staging
Footnotes
Authors' Contributions
AY designed the study. MA analyzed the data. MS wrote the draft of the manuscript. All other Authors have contributed to data collection and interpretation, and critically reviewed the manuscript. EM supervised the study.
Funding
This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant (17K11145).
Conflicts of Interest
The Authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this study.
- Received June 5, 2019.
- Revision received June 24, 2019.
- Accepted June 25, 2019.
- Copyright© 2019, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved