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Research ArticleExperimental Studies

The Anticancer and Antioxidant Effects of Muscadine Grape Extracts on Racially Different Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells

PATRICIA MENDONCA, AHMED G. DARWISH, VIOLETA TSOLOVA, ISLAM EL-SHARKAWY and KARAM F.A. SOLIMAN
Anticancer Research August 2019, 39 (8) 4043-4053; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.13560
PATRICIA MENDONCA
1College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
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AHMED G. DARWISH
2Center for Viticulture & Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture & Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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VIOLETA TSOLOVA
2Center for Viticulture & Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture & Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
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ISLAM EL-SHARKAWY
2Center for Viticulture & Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture & Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
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  • For correspondence: karam.soliman{at}famu.edu islam.elsharkawy{at}famu.edu
KARAM F.A. SOLIMAN
1College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
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  • For correspondence: karam.soliman{at}famu.edu islam.elsharkawy{at}famu.edu
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    Figure 1.

    Illustration showing the correlation of MM-231/MM-468 cell growth inhibition versus TPC (A, B), TFC (C, D) and DPPH inhibition (E, F). Each point represents the genotype value for each of the two traits. Statistically significant differences represented by probability levels at *p<0.05, **p<0.01, and ***p<0.001 are calculated [n=196, r0.05=0.140, r0.01=0.184, r0.001=0.233].

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    Figure 2.

    PCA scatter plots of different traits. TPC: Total phenolic content; TFC: total flavonoid content; DPPH: antioxidant effect; MM-231 (Caucasian breast-cancer cells) and MM-468 (African American breast-cancer cells) anticancer activity. According to the PCA model, 53.16% and 18.55% of the variance were explained by the PC1 (TPC) and the PC2 (TFC) principal components, respectively.

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    Figure 3.

    Hierarchical clustering of phytochemical content and biological activities of muscadine population (196 genotypes). Data related to TPC, TFC, antioxidant activity, and anticancer activity for Caucasian (MM-231) and African American (MM-468) breast-cancer cells are presented as a percentage. The log2-transformed values of each character are represented by colors. Green boxes indicate higher levels and red boxes indicate lower levels compared to the control. The color change is proportional to the accumulation/activity levels (see the color scale at the bottom of the figure).

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    Figure 4.

    Frequency distribution of berry metabolomic traits and consequent biological activities of the muscadine population (n=196). Population means of each trait are indicated.

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Anticancer Research
Vol. 39, Issue 8
August 2019
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The Anticancer and Antioxidant Effects of Muscadine Grape Extracts on Racially Different Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells
PATRICIA MENDONCA, AHMED G. DARWISH, VIOLETA TSOLOVA, ISLAM EL-SHARKAWY, KARAM F.A. SOLIMAN
Anticancer Research Aug 2019, 39 (8) 4043-4053; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13560

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The Anticancer and Antioxidant Effects of Muscadine Grape Extracts on Racially Different Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells
PATRICIA MENDONCA, AHMED G. DARWISH, VIOLETA TSOLOVA, ISLAM EL-SHARKAWY, KARAM F.A. SOLIMAN
Anticancer Research Aug 2019, 39 (8) 4043-4053; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13560
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Keywords

  • TNBC
  • Anticancer
  • antioxidant
  • flavonoids
  • phenolic
  • MDA-MB-231
  • MDA-MB-468
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