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Review ArticleProceedings of the Joint International Symposium “Vitamin D in Prevention and Therapy” and “Biologic Effects of Light”, June 21-23, 2017 (Homburg/Saar, Germany)R

The Winding Path Towards an Inverse Relationship Between Sun Exposure and All-cause Mortality

PELLE G. LINDQVIST
Anticancer Research February 2018, 38 (2) 1173-1178;
PELLE G. LINDQVIST
Clintec, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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  • For correspondence: pelle.lindqvist{at}ki.se
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    Figure 1.

    Mean survival (a) and all-cause mortality rate with attained age as time variable (b) by sun exposure habit. Sun exposure habits were categorized into three groups according to responses to a questionnaire on sun exposure habit: avoidance of sun exposure: zero ‘yes’ responses; moderate sun exposure: a ‘yes’ response to one or two questions; and most active sun exposure: a ‘yes’ response to three or four questions.

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    Figure 2.

    All-cause mortality in a competing risk scenario stratified by sun exposure habits, divided into three major causes. Sun exposure habits were categorized into three groups according to responses to a questionnaire on sun exposure habit: avoidance of sun exposure: zero ‘yes’ responses; moderate sun exposure: a ‘yes’ response to one or two questions; and most active sun exposure: a ‘yes’ response to three or four questions. With increasing sun exposure, the risk of all-cause death due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other (non-CVD/non-cancer) diseases is reduced (upper panel). The increased survival in those with CVD and other diseases results in increased prevalence of death due to cancer (lower panel). Age 55-64 at inclusion, no comorbidities, non-smokers, moderate disposable income.

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    Figure 3.

    Difference in mean life expectancy according to sun exposure stratified for smoking. Sun exposure habits were categorized into three groups according to responses to a questionnaire on sun exposure habit: avoidance of sun exposure: zero ‘yes’ responses; moderate sun exposure: a ‘yes’ response to one or two questions; and most active sun exposure: a ‘yes’ response to three or four questions. The Figure show that non-smokers avoiding sun exposure have a similar death rate as smokers with the greatest sun exposure, i.e. smoking and avoidance of sun exposure are risk factors of the same magnitude for death.

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Anticancer Research
Vol. 38, Issue 2
February 2018
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The Winding Path Towards an Inverse Relationship Between Sun Exposure and All-cause Mortality
PELLE G. LINDQVIST
Anticancer Research Feb 2018, 38 (2) 1173-1178;

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The Winding Path Towards an Inverse Relationship Between Sun Exposure and All-cause Mortality
PELLE G. LINDQVIST
Anticancer Research Feb 2018, 38 (2) 1173-1178;
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  • The Impact of UV-dose, Body Surface Area Exposed and Other Factors on Cutaneous Vitamin D Synthesis Measured as Serum 25(OH)D Concentration: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
  • Tandem Affinity Purification and Nano HPLC-ESI-MS/MS Reveal Binding of Vitamin D Receptor to p53 and other New Interaction Partners in HEK 293T Cells
  • Partial Body UV Exposure in Chronic Kidney Disease and Extrarenal Vitamin D Metabolism
Show more Proceedings of the Joint International Symposium “Vitamin D in Prevention and Therapy” and “Biologic Effects of Light”, June 21-23, 2017 (Homburg/Saar, Germany)

Keywords

  • survival
  • mortality
  • UVB
  • sun
  • Melanoma
  • CVD
  • review
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