Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression in RIN-m cells. A: Western blot depicting VDR expression with and without 10−7 M 1α,25(OH)2D3 (D) or 10−7 M MART-10 (M) treatment in RIN-m cells. Tubulin was used as control. B: Quantitative results of western blotting. Two days of treatment with 1α,25(OH)2D3 or MART-10 increased VDR expression in RIN-m cells. Results are presented as a percentage that of the control. Each value is the mean±SD of three to five determinations. *p<0.05 and **p<0.001 versus control.
- Figure 2.
Dose-dependent antiproliferative effect of 1α,25(OH)2D3 and MART-10 on RIN-m cells. RIN-m cells were treated with 1α,25(OH)2D3 or MART-10 for 1 week at the indicated concentrations. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Results are presented as a percentage that of the control. Each value is the mean±SD of three to five determinations. *p<0.05 and **p<0.001 versus control.
- Figure 3.
Cell-cycle distribution for RIN-m cells after treatment with 10−7 M 1α25(OH)2D3 (D) or MART-10 (M) as analyzed by flow cytometry. A: Representative DNA histogram of RIN-m cells with and without 1α,25(OH)2D3 or MART-10 treatment for 4 days. B: Distribution of RIN-m cells at G1/G0, S and G2/M phase after treatment. PI: Propidium iodide.
- Figure 4.
Western blot analysis for the expression of p21 and p27 relative to those of the control after treating RIN-m cells with 10−7 M 1α, 25(OH)2D3 (D) or MART-10 (M). A: Western blot depicting p21 and p27 protein expression in RIN-m cells after treatment for 2 days with and without 10−7 M 1α, 25(OH)2D3 or MART-10. Tubulin was used as the loading control. B: The quantitative result of the western blot. Both 1α,25(OH)2D3 and MART-10 increased p27 expression in RIN-m cells. Each value is the mean±SD of three independent determinations. *p<0.05 and **p<0.001 versus control.
- Figure 5.
Effects of 1α,25(OH)2D3 (D) and MART-10 (M) on cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and -6 expression in RIN-m cells. A: Western blot depicting CDK4 and CDK6 protein expression in RIN-m cells treated with and without 10−7 M 1α, 25(OH)2D3 or MART-10 treatment for 2 days. Tubulin was used as the loading control. B: Quantitative results of western blotting. Both 1α,25(OH)2D3 and MART-10 reduced CDK4 expression in RIN-m cells, while CDK6 expression was attenuated only by MART-10. Each value is the mean±SD of three independent determinations. *p<0.05 and **p<0.001 versus control.
- Figure 6.
Effects of 1α,25(OH)2D3 (D) and MART-10 (M) on cyclin D3 expression in RIN-m cells. A: Western blot depicting cyclin D3 expression in RIN-m cells with and without 10−7 M 1α, 25(OH)2D3 or MART-10 treatment for 2 days. Tubulin was used as the loading control. B: Quantitative results of western blotting. Neither 1α,25(OH)2D3 nor MART-10 affected cyclin D3 expression in RIN-m cells. Each value is the mean±SD of three independent determinations. *p<0.05 and **p<0.001 versus control.
- Figure 7.
Effects of 1α,25(OH)2D3 and MART-10 on apoptosis of RIN-m cells as analyzed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The apoptotic effects on RIN-m cells induced by 10−7 M 1α,25(OH)2D3 and MART-10 treatment for 7 days were analyzed by TUNEL assay to measure the extent of DNA fragmentation visualized by fluorescence microscopy. The relative apoptotic index as compared to the control is shown. Each value represents the average of three determinations±SD. *p<0.05 versus control.
- Figure 8.
Effects of 1α,25(OH)2D3 (D) and MART-10 (M) on caspase 3 and cleaved caspase 3 expression in RIN-m cells. A: Western blot analysis of caspase 3 and cleaved caspase 3 expression in RIN-m cells after either 10−7 M of 1α,25(OH)2D3 or MART-10 treatment for 7 days. Tubulin was used as the loading control. B: Quantitative analysis ofwestern blotting. Both 1α,25(OH)2D3 and MART-10 increased cleaved caspase 3 expression in RIN-m cells. Mildly increased expression of caspase 3 was also noted while not reaching statistical significance. **p<0.01 versus control.
