Abstract
Background: Existing literature includes concerns regarding reliability of case–control studies of breast cancer incidence with respect to 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. For breast cancer, only case–control studies consistently find inverse correlations between 25(OH)D and breast cancer. However, for colorectal cancer, nested case–control studies find significant inverse correlations with respect to 25(OH)D concentrations at baseline for mean follow-up times of 7 years. Materials and Methods: This is a review of results currently existing in literature. Results: I provide evidence that 25(OH)D concentration values are only useful for short follow-up times for breast cancer since it develops rapidly. To support the robust nature of breast cancer case–control studies, I show that results from 11 studies from seven countries align in a robust power-law fit to the odds ratio versus mean 25(OH)D concentrations. Conclusion: Case–control studies of breast cancer incidence rates provide reliable results.
- Breast cancer
- case-control study
- colorectal adenoma
- colorectal cancer
- nested case-control study
- vitamin D
Footnotes
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Disclosure
I receive funding from Bio-Tech Pharmacal (Fayetteville, AR), the Sunlight Research Forum (Veldhoven), and Medi-Sun Engineering, LLC (Highland Park, IL).
- Received August 26, 2014.
- Revision received October 5, 2014.
- Accepted October 10, 2014.
- Copyright© 2015 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved