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Research ArticleExperimental Studies

Lycopene and Beta-carotene Induce Cell-Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines

NATHALIE FONSECA GLORIA, NATHALIA SOARES, CAMILA BRAND, FELIPE LEITE OLIVEIRA, RADOVAN BOROJEVIC and ANDERSON JUNGER TEODORO
Anticancer Research March 2014, 34 (3) 1377-1386;
NATHALIE FONSECA GLORIA
1Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Program of Food and Nutrition, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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NATHALIA SOARES
2Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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CAMILA BRAND
2Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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FELIPE LEITE OLIVEIRA
2Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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RADOVAN BOROJEVIC
3Excellion Biomedical Services, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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ANDERSON JUNGER TEODORO
1Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Program of Food and Nutrition, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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  • For correspondence: atteodoro@gmail.com
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Abstract

Lycopene and beta-carotene are carotenoids widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, with potential anticancer activity. Epidemiological trials rarely provide evidence for the mechanisms of action of these compounds, and their biological effects at different times of treatment are still unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of carotenoids on the cell cycle and cell viability in human breast cancer cell lines. Human breast cell lines were treated with carotenoids (0.5-10 μM) for 48 and 96 h. Cell viability was monitored using the MTT method (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; thiazolyl blue). The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry, and apoptotic cells were identified by annexin/propidium iodide (PI) biomarkers. Our data showed a significant decrease in the number of viable breast cancer cells on treatment with carotenoids. Carotenoids also promoted cell-cycle arrest followed by decreased cell viability in the majority of cell lines after 96 h, compared to controls. Furthermore, an increase in apoptosis was observed in cell lines when cells were treated with carotenoids. Our findings show the capacity of lycopene and beta-carotene to inhibit cell proliferation, arrest the cell cycle in different phases, and increase apoptosis. These findings indicate that the effect was cell type-dependent and that carotenoids are potential agents for biological interference with cancer.

  • Lycopene
  • beta-carotene
  • breast cancer
  • bioactive compounds
  • cell cycle
  • Received January 17, 2014.
  • Revision received February 6, 2014.
  • Accepted February 7, 2014.
  • Copyright© 2014 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved
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Anticancer Research: 34 (3)
Anticancer Research
Vol. 34, Issue 3
March 2014
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Lycopene and Beta-carotene Induce Cell-Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines
NATHALIE FONSECA GLORIA, NATHALIA SOARES, CAMILA BRAND, FELIPE LEITE OLIVEIRA, RADOVAN BOROJEVIC, ANDERSON JUNGER TEODORO
Anticancer Research Mar 2014, 34 (3) 1377-1386;

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Lycopene and Beta-carotene Induce Cell-Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines
NATHALIE FONSECA GLORIA, NATHALIA SOARES, CAMILA BRAND, FELIPE LEITE OLIVEIRA, RADOVAN BOROJEVIC, ANDERSON JUNGER TEODORO
Anticancer Research Mar 2014, 34 (3) 1377-1386;
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Keywords

  • Lycopene
  • beta-carotene
  • breast Cancer
  • bioactive compounds
  • cell cycle
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