Research ArticleExperimental Studies

Evaluation of Cytotoxiciy and Tumor-specificity of Licorice Flavonoids Based on Chemical Structure

HIROKAZU OHNO, DAISUKE ARAHO, YOSHIHIRO UESAWA, HAJIME KAGAYA, MARIKO ISHIHARA, HIROSHI SAKAGAMI and MASAJI YAMAMOTO
Anticancer Research August 2013, 33 (8) 3061-3068;

Article Figures & Data

Figures

  • Figure 1.
    Figure 1.

    Structures of licorice flavonoids.

  • Figure 2.
    Figure 2.

    Cytotoxicity of licorice flavonoids against human tumor and normal cells. The height and vertical bars represent mean + SD, respectively. Cytotoxicity was estimated as an average of −logCC50 (pCC50). 1. liquiritin apioside; 2, liquiritigenin 7-apiosylglucoside; 3, liquiritin; 4, neoliquiritin; 5, liquiritigenin; 6, isoliquiritin apioside; 7, licurazid; 8, isoliquiritin; 9, neoisoliquiritin; 10, isoliquiritigenin.

  • Figure 3.
    Figure 3.

    Comparison between flavanone and chalcone groups for the cytotoxicity and specificity. The estimated 50% cytotoxic concentration against tumor (T) and that against normal cells (N), and the tumor-specificity index, estimated as the ratio of (T-N)/(T+N) are shown. The height and vertical bars represent the mean and SD, respectively.

  • Figure 4.
    Figure 4.

    Effect of the number of sugar units on the cytotoxicity and tumor specificity of licorice flavonoids.

  • Figure 5.
    Figure 5.

    Scatter plot of the estimated 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) against tumor cells (T) and that against normal cells (N).

  • Figure 6.
    Figure 6.

    Tumor specificity of licorice flavonoids. The tumor-specificity index was estimated as the ratio of (T-N)/(T+N), whereas N and T were the estimated 50% cytotoxic concentrations of each compound against normal and tumor cells, respectively. 1. Liquiritin apioside; 2, liquiritigenin 7-apiosylglucoside; 3, liquiritin; 4, neoliquiritin; 5, liquiritigenin; 6, isoliquiritin apioside; 7, licurazid; 8, isoliquiritin; 9, neoisoliquiritin; 10, isoliquiritigenin.

  • Figure 7.
    Figure 7.

    Relationship of descriptors to cytotoxicity and to tumor-specificity index. -LogCC50 (pCC50) values were used to evaluate tumor specificity. The relationship between the tumor-specificity index (T-N)/(T+N) and each chemical descriptor was recorded, in which N and T mean average pCC50 values for normal and tumor cell lines, respectively.

Tables

  • Table I.
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Evaluation of Cytotoxiciy and Tumor-specificity of Licorice Flavonoids Based on Chemical Structure
HIROKAZU OHNO, DAISUKE ARAHO, YOSHIHIRO UESAWA, HAJIME KAGAYA, MARIKO ISHIHARA, HIROSHI SAKAGAMI, MASAJI YAMAMOTO
Anticancer Research Aug 2013, 33 (8) 3061-3068;
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