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Research ArticleClinical Studies

Neuroimmunomodulation in Medical Oncology: Application of Psychoneuroimmunology with Subcutaneous Low-dose IL-2 and the Pineal Hormone Melatonin in Patients with Untreatable Metastatic Solid Tumors

PAOLO LISSONI, FERNANDO BRIVIO, LUCA FUMAGALLI, GIUSY MESSINA, LUIGI VIGORÉ, DANIELA PAROLINI, MASSIMO COLCIAGO and FRANCO ROVELLI
Anticancer Research March 2008, 28 (2B) 1377-1381;
PAOLO LISSONI
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  • For correspondence: p.lissoni@hsgerardo.org
FERNANDO BRIVIO
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LUCA FUMAGALLI
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GIUSY MESSINA
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LUIGI VIGORÉ
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DANIELA PAROLINI
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MASSIMO COLCIAGO
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FRANCO ROVELLI
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Abstract

Background: Anticancer immunity is under psychoneuroendocrine regulation, mainly via the pineal gland and brain opioid system, which may stimulate and inhibit antitumor immunity respectively. Cancer-related immuno-suppression does not depend only on functional damage of immune cells, but also on alterations of systems responsible for the neuroimmunomodulation, the most frequent of wich is a decline in blood levels of the pineal hormone melatonin (MLT). Patients and Methods: A study was performed to evaluate the influence of an exogenous administration of MLT alone or MLT plus subcutaneous (SC) low-dose interleukin-2 on tumor progression and survival time in patients with untreatable metastatic solid tumors. The study included 846 patients with metastatic solid tumor (non-small cell lung cancer or gastrointestinal tract tumors) randomized to receive the best supportive care only, supportive care plus MLT (20 mg/day, orally in the evening), or MLT plus SC low-dose IL-2 (3 MIU/day for 5 days/week, for 4 consecutive weeks). Results: The MLT alone was able to induce a significant increase of disease stabilization and survival time with respect to supportive care alone. The association of IL-2 with MLT provided a further improvement in the percentage of tumor regressions and of 3-year survival with respect to MLT alone. Conclusion: The administration of IL-2 and the pineal hormone MLT may induce control of neo1plastic growth and a prolonged survival time in patients with metastatic solid tumors, for whom no other conventional anticancer therapy is available.

  • Cancer immunotherapy
  • IL-2
  • melatonin
  • neuroimmunomodulation

Footnotes

  • Received October 15, 2007.
  • Revision received December 15, 2007.
  • Accepted February 8, 2008.
  • Copyright© 2008 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved
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Anticancer Research: 28 (2B)
Anticancer Research
Vol. 28, Issue 2B
March-April 2008
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Neuroimmunomodulation in Medical Oncology: Application of Psychoneuroimmunology with Subcutaneous Low-dose IL-2 and the Pineal Hormone Melatonin in Patients with Untreatable Metastatic Solid Tumors
PAOLO LISSONI, FERNANDO BRIVIO, LUCA FUMAGALLI, GIUSY MESSINA, LUIGI VIGORÉ, DANIELA PAROLINI, MASSIMO COLCIAGO, FRANCO ROVELLI
Anticancer Research Mar 2008, 28 (2B) 1377-1381;

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Neuroimmunomodulation in Medical Oncology: Application of Psychoneuroimmunology with Subcutaneous Low-dose IL-2 and the Pineal Hormone Melatonin in Patients with Untreatable Metastatic Solid Tumors
PAOLO LISSONI, FERNANDO BRIVIO, LUCA FUMAGALLI, GIUSY MESSINA, LUIGI VIGORÉ, DANIELA PAROLINI, MASSIMO COLCIAGO, FRANCO ROVELLI
Anticancer Research Mar 2008, 28 (2B) 1377-1381;
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