Ethyl 2-[N-m-chlorobenzyl-(2′-methyl)]anilino-4-oxo-4,5-dihydrofuran-3-carboxylate (JOT01006) Induces Apoptosis in Human Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells

Abstract

Human cervical cancer is potentially lethal, and therefore the development of effective and tolerable therapeutic options is vital. In the present study, the in vitro effect of the synthetized compound JOT01006 (C₂₁H₂₀C1NO₄) on human cervical epithelioid carcinoma cell line (HeLa) was examined. The results demonstrated that JOT01006 induced morphological changes and cytotoxicity (decreased the percentage of viable cells) in a dose-dependent manner. JOT01006 induced apoptosis which was analyzed by flow cytometric methods and confirmed by DAPI staining and DNA fragmentation analyzed by DNA gel electrophoresis. JOT01006 also induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction before causing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress which was also confirmed by the increased levels of Grp78 and Gadd153. Western blotting was selected to demonstrate that JOT01006 promoted p53, Bak, PARP, caspase-3 levels and decreased the levels of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Our results also showed that JOT01006 also promoted caspase-12 production followed by apoptosis. The results also showed that JOT01006 inhibited the migration of HeLa cells potentially through inhibition of MMP-2 and -9.