Abstract
Aim: To determine the predictive value of HIF-1α and VEGF-C in primary neuroendocrine breast cancers (NEBC) and their correlation with other clinico-pathological characteristics of NEBC. Materials and Methods: HIF-1α and VEGF-C were determined immunohistochemically in tissue samples from 31 cases of NEBC. Results: The HIF-1α expression in NEBC was predominantly negative, with only 5 (16.1%) cases showing strong reaction to HIF-1α. Eighteen (58.0%) NEBC cases showed moderate-to-strong VEGF-C expression. VEGF-C expression negatively correlated with progesterone receptor positivity (p=0.014) and duration of follow-up (p=0.021). A multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that HIF-1α (p=0.019) was a significant predictor of disease-free survival, whereas VEGF-C (p=0.099) showed no such association. Conclusion: HIF-1α overexpression indicated unfavourable prognosis and could serve as an additional prognostic factor in NEBC. Moreover, patients with NEBC exhibiting moderate or strong VEGF-C expression could be candidates for a specific VEGF-C antibody therapy.
- Received September 5, 2012.
- Revision received October 17, 2012.
- Accepted October 18, 2012.
- Copyright© 2012 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved